Nitrate in Aquarium

Question
QUESTION: Hi Nathan,

I have 3 Guppies in a 5 gallon tank. Right now, the tank has been running for two months, and is now fully cycled. My tests show 0 ammonia, 0 nitrite, and 10ppm nitrate.

Is the nitrate too high? If so, how do I remove it? Thanks for your help.

ANSWER: Hi Elenor,

Your Nitrate levels are fine. Congratulations on the newly cycled tank! In general, nitrate readings of less than 20 ppm are accepted by most freshwater tropical fish, like your guppies. Unlike ammonia and nitrite, nitrate has no natural bacteria that can 'remove' it. So, nitrate will eventually build up into toxic levels. What do we do? Partial water changes. Partial water changes will remove and dilute some of the nitrate.

I recommend that you change one gallon of water out of your tank per week. A gravel vacuuming can be done once every two weeks.

Good Luck, and Happy Fishkeeping!


---------- FOLLOW-UP ----------

QUESTION: Thanks for your answer! I'm also interested in keeping one or two live freshwater plants. I noticed that you were also an expert in the plant category, so what plants would you recommend? I want a hardy plant or two, and I only have a moderately bright incandescent light that came with the kit.

Answer
Hi Elenor,

I'd recommend the Java Fern for your aquarium. It thrives in lower light conditions, which is perfect for your aquarium! (Since incandescent lights are among the dimmest and cheapest.) It prefers low-medium lighting, and is extremely hardy, adapting to a variety of conditions. It should be anchored to a small rock or piece of driftwood using a string or rubber band. After a month, the roots will grow and 'fuse' into the base, whatever that may be. You can then remove the string. Do NOT bury the roots in the gravel.

Trim off any dead or dying leaves, and new ones will grow.

Good Luck, and Happy Fishkeeping!