Head Tilt in Cats (Vestibular Signs)

Cats

Overview of Head Tilt in Cats

A head tilt is a persistent tilt or turn of the head along the cat's central axis to one side or the other and is usually described according to the side of the head that turns down. A head tilt usually indicates vestibular signs that may be a problem in the animal's middle or inner ear.

There are many causes for head tilt. Some of these include:

Ear infections or mites

Idiopathic (unknown cause)

Foreign bodies such as grass seeds

Head trauma

Ototoxic drugs (drugs that are toxic to the ear)

Punctured ear drum

Hypothyroidism (underactive thyroid)

Encephalitis (inflammation of the brain)

Cancer

What to Watch For

A tilt of your pet's head to one side or the other

Redness or pain associated with the ear

Falling, circling, or rolling (usually toward the direction of the head tilt)

Nausea due to vertigo

Vomiting

Lack of appetite

Pain associated with chewing or opening the mouth.

Diagnosis of Head Tilt in Cats

A head tilt is a symptom of a potentially serious medical condition. The cause of the head tilt should be investigated thoroughly by your veterinarian. Your veterinarian may investigate your pet's head with a variety of means, which may include:

A complete medical history

A complete physical examination

Neurologic evaluation

Blood and urine tests

X-rays of the head

CT scan or MRI of the head

Brainstem auditory evoked response (BAER) test

Spinal (or cerebrospinal) tap

Treatment of Head Tilt in Cats

Treatment of a head tilt is primarily supportive until a definitive cause can be identified. Supportive treatment can include:

Intravenous fluids, especially if the pet is vomiting from nausea

Antiemetics

Antivertigo medications

Topical ear medications

Injectable or oral antibiotics

Home Care

If your pet is falling or rolling, protect him from objects such as furniture and stairs. Your pet may need assistance with walking or require being carried. Always support your pet, especially the head. If your pet has a head tilt, be careful and assist with descending and ascending stairs.