Factors Of Influence Learning

There are certain factors that affect learning. Some of the important ones by Preschool Teacher Training are described below. These factors are related to the stimulus, task or the learner.

a)Reinforcement:
Learning requires motivation and reinforcement is an important aspect of motivation. A reinforcement is anything that strengthens a response and increase the probability of its occurrence. A reward is an example of reinforcement. Reinforcement is the key to learning. If it is not applied in the right way at the right time, there will be no observable learning. Reinforcement is of two types i.e. primary and secondary. The source of reinforcement is called reinforces.

A primary reinforce is an natural or an unlearned source of reinforcement. Food is a primary (positive) reinforce for a hungry animal.

A secondary reinforce, on the other hand, is learnt or an acquired source of reinforcement. The rule of learning a secondary reinforce is that it should be paired with a primary reinforce. The effect of reinforcement depends on the way it is given.

b)Feedback or Knowledge of Results:
It is another motivational variable. If you are provided with the knowledge of results or feedback, the efficiency of your learning is increased. For example, while learning to type, knowledge of one’s performance on each trail will help to know where the person has made mistakes. The person may try to correct accordingly. It also helps to eliminate errors and increase the precision in performance. Knowledge of results, especially when favorable, reinforces learning and maintains interest and motivation.

c)Distribution of Practice:
The length of the practice session and distribution of rest periods between trails affect the progress of learning to a great extent. It has been found for a wide variety of motor skills, that practice is more effective when it includes brief and judiciously distributed rest pauses. This leads to rapid learning as compared to continuous practice. However practice periods should not to be too long. The acquisition of skill in playing badminton may improve more, after three-one hour long practice sessions with intervals rather than after one continuous three-hour long session. The practice should also not be too small and frequent either. This would tend to break the task into small and meaningless parts.

d)Whole and Part Learning:
If you have learnt this entire lesson in totality it would have been difficult for you to learn as it in parts than as a whole. Whole learning is often considered as an efficient method to learn the task particularly for fast learners and for short meaningful material which is easily memorized as whole. But if the content is very long it may first be learnt in parts and then as whole.

e)Meaningfulness:
Try to learn words like CAT, DOLL, BAT, DOG which have meaning NAD, BAB, COL, PEM which are nonsense syllabus having no meaning. Meaningfulness of the material to be learnt contributes to your learning efficiency. If the material to be learnt is meaningful, the rate of learning becomes rapid. The more meaningful the material; the fewer the trails or practice sessions are required to learnt.

f)Interest and Attitudes:
According to Early Childhood Education Training One of the important determents of effective learning is the learner’s attitudes towards the material to be learnt. For example, if you are interested in learning to learn and recognize that it will help you in achievement of your goals.